Which is better, Kotlin or Java? Both Kotlin and Java are famous among developers for Android development, with each of them having their unique features. Based on the project needs and preferences, developers finalize the most appropriate language. Kotlin is appropriate for new projects, while Java suits projects needing robust stability.
To help you make the right decision, we have provided a detailed overview of Kotlin vs Java programming languages.
What is Java?
Introduced in 1995, Java is an open-source, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language. It is a multiplatform language which makes it compatible with almost all devices, operating systems, and servers. Moreover, it can run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Java’s syntax shares similar similarities with C and C++ but provides lower-level facilities.
The best applications developed using Java are Spotify, Twitter, Cash App, etc.
What is Kotlin?
Kotlin was introduced later in 2016. It’s an open-source language that can also compile code to bytecode and run on Java Virtual Machine (JVM), making it compatible on almost every platform. Plus, libraries and frameworks made in Java are also compatible and can also work in a Kotlin project.
Kotlin is clean, simple, and quick to compile, and entails a mix of object-oriented and functional programming. Netflix, Tinder, Airbnb, Pinterest, and Uber are a few examples of Kotlin app examples one must check.
Kotlin vs Java: Detailed comparison
Go through the information provided below to know the key differences between Kotlin and Java.
Functions and Features
Though both Kotlin and Java are popular for Android development, still they have different approaches to language design and features. Kotlin is globally preferred due to its concise and straightforward syntax, creating readable and maintainable code.
However, Java is an object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. This language is popular due to its key characteristics like stability and comprehensive features. Its syntax is commonly known and understood in the developer community, an advantage for teams already skilled in Java.
Performance and Memory
Regarding performance and memory usage, both of these programming languages are quite the same and run on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). But Kotlin’s more concise and expressive code lowers the chances of bugs and streamlines performance, particularly in simple applications. With Kotlin’s syntax, you have to write less code to achieve the same functionality.
On the other hand, Java is a great programming language to build cloud apps, due to factors like its top-notch performance, scalability, and reliability. This optimization makes Java a highly performed programming language, especially in scenarios that involve extensive data processing or require robust backend operations.
Readable And Straightforward Code
In Kotlin vs Java, Kotlin is easy to code as compared to Java. The language is easy to comprehend due to its statically typed code thereby reducing the chances of runtime errors.
While Java is not as easy, especially for new programmers. The code might have more bugs and also the code in Java is longer, and it becomes hard to streamline the overall process of coding.
Documentation
Java, due to its long history, has a huge range of documentation available including detailed official guides, a multitude of books, comprehensive online tutorials, etc. All these resources make Java quite accessible to both beginners and experienced developers.
Kotlin’s documentation is restricted to several official sources and is preferred due to its ease of understanding. The documents are clear and well-structured, with more focus on practical applications and transparent explanations.
Kotlin vs Java: Key Differences
There are several differences in both these languages according to their features
Features | Kotlin | Java | ||
Extension Functions | Kotlin lets programmers add new functionalities to an existing class. | In java, we need to create a class to achieve similar functionality. | ||
Null Safety | The variables in Kotlin are non-nullable, they can’t be assigned to null values. | It is not available in Java | ||
Static Members |
|
It is available in Java. It is used for memory management. | ||
String Templates | Yes, there are two types of string literals in Kotlin including escaped string and raw string. | It is available in Java too but it doesn’t support expression like Kotlin | ||
Wildcard Kinds | This is not available in Kotlin | Available in Java | ||
Smart Casts | Available in Kotlin. The compilers can track conditions inside of the expression. | Not Available in Java. | ||
Operator Overloading | Kotlin lets users get a way to invoke functions | Operators are tied to particular Java Types. | ||
Constructors | It has a primary constructor and a secondary constructor | Constructors are used to take parameters to initialize attributes | ||
Type System | It offers nullability support, type inference, and universal guards | There are different reference types related to the basic class concept. |
Kotlin vs Java: Which is More Appropriate?
Since both of these languages have their own strengths and weaknesses, the final decision is made based on the project. Kotlin is more modern, with concise syntax and null safety, and is backed by Google for Android development. However, Java has a huge ecosystem, advanced tools, and libraries. The selection between Kotlin and Java depends upon your project scope and business needs.
For Android development, Kotlin is an ideal option at the moment and many companies and developers have already adopted the same. The demand for this language is likely to grow in the future. However, Java remains an ideal general-purpose language.
The debate over which language is better is never-ending and will probably result in further discussions. If you are still confused regarding whether Kotlin is better than Java or it is the same as Java, connect with the developers at Kodehash Technologies.
Develop Your Mobile App Using Kotlin/ Java with Kodehash
In this blog, we have highlighted Kotlin vs Java’s strengths and weaknesses. Now, it’s time to team up with a leading mobile app development partner with rich experience in crafting powerful apps in either language. Have Kodehash’ dedicated team by your side who is committed to choosing the best technology solution for your project.
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